Graphite electrodes
Graphite electrodes are a crucial technological component in the energy-saving production of steel from steel scrap. They enable the precise processing of scrap into new, high-quality steel grades in electric arc furnaces. The electrodes conduct the current directly into the furnace, where they create an arc hotter than 3,500 °C between themselves and the scrap, causing the steel to melt. The cylindrical graphite electrodes are manufactured in an extremely complex production process. Graphite electrodes are characterised by high thermal conductivity, low electrical resistance and high mechanical strength. They are also extremely heat-resistant.
TOKAI ERFTCARBON supplies graphite electrodes to steelworks all over the world. As one of the market leaders in this segment, we are a classic hidden champion that helps to conserve resources and reduce CO2 emissions with our quality products.
Download our datasheet for standard electrode dimensions (PDF)
Electric arc furnace
The electric arc furnace makes it possible to melt down steel scrap of various qualities. It consists of a refractory furnace vessel into which the steel scrap is dropped (charged) from above with the lid open, using scrap baskets. The graphite electrodes inserted through the lid are electrically energised and lowered after the furnace is closed. Contact with the steel scrap ignites an electric arc that melts the steel scrap at a temperature of over 3,500 °C. This creates temperatures of up to 1,800 °C in the molten steel.
Once the desired chemical composition and temperature of the steel have been achieved, the liquid steel is emptied into the steel ladle.
